Turbulence is characterized by the following features: The jet exhibits a wide range of length scales, an important characteristic of turbulent flows. The turbulent events are associated with coherent flow structures such as eddies and turbulent bursting, and they play a critical role in terms of sediment scour, accretion and transport in rivers as well as contaminant mixing and dispersion in rivers and estuaries, and in the atmosphere.įeatures Flow visualization of a turbulent jet, made by laser-induced fluorescence. A turbulent event is a series of turbulent fluctuations that contain more energy than the average flow turbulence. In many geophysical flows (rivers, atmospheric boundary layer), the flow turbulence is dominated by the coherent structures and turbulent events.The flow may start off laminar but is quickly separated from the leg and becomes turbulent. When the flow is faster, a higher Reynolds number is associated with the flow. When river flow is slow, water flows smoothly around the support legs. Snow fences work by inducing turbulence in the wind, forcing it to drop much of its snow load near the fence.Biologically generated turbulence resulting from swimming animals affects ocean mixing.These layers separate the fast moving jet from the external fluid, and at a certain critical Reynolds number they become unstable and break down to turbulence. As the flow emerges into this external fluid, shear layers originating at the lips of the nozzle are created. A jet exhausting from a nozzle into a quiescent fluid.The motions of matter in stellar atmospheres.The external flow over all kinds of vehicles such as cars, airplanes, ships, and submarines.The flow conditions in many industrial equipment (such as pipes, ducts, precipitators, gas scrubbers, dynamic scraped surface heat exchangers, etc.) and machines (for instance, internal combustion engines and gas turbines). ![]()
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